Most people think of braces as a modern invention, but the idea of straightening teeth actually goes back thousands of years! The journey from ancient methods to today’s modern options is a fascinating story full of creativity, science, and a desire for a beautiful smile.
Ancient Beginnings
You might be surprised to learn that early attempts at orthodontics and the first forms of braces date back to ancient civilizations. Archaeologists have found mummified remains from ancient Egypt with metal bands wrapped around teeth, some even made from gold wire. It seems even then, people cared about aligning their teeth, although their techniques were more about holding teeth in place than moving them.
The ancient Greeks and Romans also wrote about dental concerns. Early ideas were primitive, but they laid the groundwork for what would become modern orthodontics. Hippocrates and Aristotle both discussed methods to straighten teeth.
The Birth of Modern Orthodontics
Fast forward to the 18th century, and orthodontics really started to take shape. In 1728, French dentist Pierre Fauchard described a device called a “bandeau,” a horseshoe-shaped metal appliance that helped expand the dental arch and straighten teeth. His ideas inspired a new wave of innovation.
Later in the 19th century, orthodontics became recognized as a specialty of dentistry. Edward Angle, an American dentist, is considered the “Father of Modern Orthodontics.” He developed classification systems for different types of bites (which are still used today!) and designed appliances to move teeth. Angle created more refined appliances in the early 1900s, including the Edgewise, a precursor to today’s braces.
Braces in the 20th Century
Early braces in the 1900s were quite different from what we know now. Materials like gold, platinum, silver, and even ivory were used to craft braces, making them very expensive, and not very comfortable. Bands were often used on every tooth, and adjustments were often slow and painful.
By the mid-20th century, stainless steel became the material of choice. It was more affordable, durable, and easier to use. The invention of dental adhesives in the 1970s was another game-changer, allowing braces brackets to be bonded directly onto teeth instead of using bulky metal bands around every tooth.
Ceramic and clear braces emerged in the 1980s and 90s, followed by Invisalign® in 1997.
Braces Today: High-Tech Smiles
Today’s braces are a vast improvement from the heavy wires and appliances of the past. Patients can now choose from sleek metal braces, clear ceramic braces, lingual braces that hide behind the teeth, and clear removable aligners like Invisalign®. New technology like 3D imaging and digital scans makes the orthodontic process even faster, more comfortable, and more precise than ever.
Orthodontics has also expanded its focus—from simply straightening teeth to improving jaw function, facial balance, airway health, and overall oral well-being.
A Timeless Mission
While the tools have changed dramatically over the centuries, the goal has always been the same: helping people achieve healthy, confident smiles. Orthodontists are trained specialists in orthodontic treatment and growth guidance. Thanks to centuries of innovation and imagination, straightening teeth today is more effective and comfortable than our ancient ancestors could have ever dreamed!
